Multimedia and the Internet Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

multimedia and the Internet - Re appear Paper ExampleThe user has the ability to make member accounts on the website that is waive currently. The website enables the user to gather the accessories of his or her interest by making an account too enabling the website to state them of promotional activities and sales through emails.Advantage that the website provides is the function of displaying new items on the shelf at the internal page. Apart from that, products that argon in fashion be displayed at the home page with a apprize insight on them to enable the user to get familiar with the product. A take care section is also provided in case a user wants to search for a specific product on the website or look for some(prenominal) related products. The website also provides a function of comparing products on the basis of several factors and ranking them accordingly to provide the user the best brand according to his demands.The website design is perfect and up to the standards of any good website, there are no mistake binds meaning every link does take you to a new page that displays information related to the caption of the link.The website contains all the information that a customer will need regarding the product with the added advantage of a simple-minded window to window moving procedure. The website is quite user friendly and covers all the concepts that any good website does.OverviewThe second website thats going to be discussed on the same given standards is Computer Shops that is basically a search portal that provides the user list of websites that are selling computer accessories online. The difference between the two websites is a major(ip) one but we are not comparing here. Design and LayoutThis website is quite attractive and interactive but the problem is that the websites outlook is not as attractive as the one we discussed earlier. The options and functionality are obviously limited as this website is a search portal. Functions and N avigationThe research portal gives the user access to articles and products related to computer accessories from all over the cosmos Wide Web. The website also enables a user to search for different online shops. The website is well to read with a simple two colored background and a decent font. The website also contains pictures to help give a sluttish and broader meaning to the material present on the website plus the user gets a clearer picture of the product and the search results. The websites additional advantage is that it also provides results from local databases as well as international.Error LinksThe error links that the website provide go up to twenty-five and are displayed on the home page of the website. man-made lake coding = attached to the appendixOverall FeedbackThe website belongs to second-class category and the error links are the major draw back for the website. Tons of information is provided but moving through it is not as easy as it could have been, a cert ain amendment in the search method would give the website a intermit ranking.OverviewThe third website we will discuss is about Personal Computers and the name of the website is Southern Computers. Design and LayoutThe websites first motion-picture show is of a local low budget website with a very dull colored backgroun

Research papers on the Child Care Effects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Research papers on the Child Care Effects - see ExampleResearch interest in the frequency and note of kidskin tending is due to the on-going affects of early childhood experiences (Ochitree, 1994). Many theorists argue that long periods of separation from the caregiver, in combination with poor quality child care, can negatively affect a childs development (The NICHO, 2005, p.259). Other theorists have it off that child care can affect a childs development in legion(predicate) positive ways (The NICHO, 2005, p.269). This paper will review the literature with the research hypothesis that Child care can affect a childs development both positively and negatively. Firstly, negative arguments shall be presented. Secondly, positive arguments will be provided. Next child care quality and its affects will be highlighted. Finally, a conclusion shall synthesize the main arguments, and state how the research hypothesis has been supported.Young children who regularly attend child care may be more at risk of social maladjustment later in their lives (Lewin, 2005, p.1). It has been be that long hours in care affect a childs ability to work and act socially. Studies show a negative association between the amount of time a child spends in daycare, and their tendency to act-out and to develop poor interpersonal relationships. This may be due to experiences of stress, and the development of anti-social behaviors, such as non-compliancy and violence (The negative effects of childcare? 2003, p.1). One study observed that 4 1/2-year-olds who worn-out(a) up to 30 hours a week in child care appeared to be more insistent, barbarian and disobedient as compared to their cohort not in care (Lewin, 2005, p.1). Another study found children tended to overly be disrespectful in both their use of language and their behavior, and seemed to make more noise in general than their peers who did not attend care (Allhusen & Clarke-Stewart, 2005, p.90).There is literature to support child care as

Affordable Health Care Act without sovereignty to native Americans Essay

inexpensive Health wish strong Act without sovereignty to native Americans - Essay ExampleBut as the Act is remarked by experts to be rigid with concern to the citizens motivation, it is ought to face different consequences (ProCon.org, 2010). This paper reviews the difficulties faced by the act as well as the citizens of the U.S. with respect to the executing of the act. Literature Review On October 29 2009, the Affordable Health trade Act was introduced in the United States House of Representatives. Through the implementation of this act, the government intended to serve the citizens of subjective American nations with efficient healthcare services and that too in a minimum expense. But the implementation of health care act has provided for various contradictions to itself which has been stated by various authors (H. R. 3962, 2009). First (2005) states that inconsistency practices in US health care system are a result of insufficient consideration to the lineament systems w hich also caused other disadvantages related to its sole purpose. One of the major reasons for the drawback is that the policies concerning healthcare system in US was tangled with issues faced in the early experiences. The practices in relation to health inconsistencies involve the fond and the good facts as significant aspects. It is very essential to identify the problems associated with the implementation of the Act by the authority responsible, so that the outcome delivers the sole purpose widely concerned on the health securities of the citizens without or with minimum social or economic consequences. So, the U.S. governments effort should be on eliminating the drawbacks and it should also focus on improving the quality of care provided to the patients (First, 2005). Background of the Act It has been depicted in the article of Health indemnity Brief (2011) that approximately 30 lawsuits have been filed by private citizens, law makers, organizations and the state governments challenging the features of the Affordable business organisation Act 2009 (Health Policy Brief, 2011). In the article, it has been mentioned that sec 1501 of the Affordable Care Act identifies the individual responsibleness requirement, also known as Individual Mandate. By the year 2014, the provision specifies that US citizens and nationals need to maintain minimum essential health insurance coverage or else are required to indemnify a penalty allotted. Coverage can be available through an employer or individuals or nevertheless through public programmes much(prenominal) as Medicaid and Medicare among others. This insurance measure, as mentioned in the Act, can be of indecorous affect as the penalty has been sanctioned. Citizens who are below the poverty line are forced to obtain the health care policy which might result into difficult prospective. Therefore, the healthcare act should not be entitled to penalise rather the act should be implemented with great care as it is a need rather than demand (Health Policy Brief, 2011). A dilemma has often aroused regarding Health Care Act. For instance the action of federal government to impose the Act was argued to be subjected to their limitations to participate in such social development issues. Danner (2011) opposes the provision mentioned in the Act, i.e. the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which states the Individual Mandate. The policy of Individual Mandate states that each and every American must buy the Health Insurance or else will be penalised. According to Danner (2011), this is overextending usage of government power. Providing the health care by violating the freedom of the citizen is of no good and is also unconstitutional (Danner, 2011). Complaints by the associated states The Attorney Generals

Men and masculinity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Men and maleness - Research constitution ExampleRationale of Research This research project hopes to assess the relationship amongst men and masculinity in the circumstance of their significance to media and social context. For example, the aggression of men is feasible for media projects such as the television, newspapers and radio receiver among others. Similarly, men can use masculinity in the shaping of news through modeling and agency shows that attract the young clientele. In other words, there is the direct impact on the social context through interaction with men who walk with a masculine persona. Additionally, this is paramount in the advertisement orbit where the essence of pictures and body images translates to profits for companies (Ayers, 2008). In the same prospect, there is also the use of male cater in reaching the female audience who get attracted to the masculine nature in their marriages. This is influential in defining social interactions such as marriage and relationships that looks up to men as the role models of their families. On the other hand, in the media world, men use masculinity to set standards of excellence and virtuous good in helping young people to emulate the cargoner as a profession of serious people. In the same view, men have the ability to manipulate the power of masculinity to win admiration in terms of upping the moral bar of society. Annotated bibliography Ayers, D. (2008). Bodies, bullets, and large(p) guys Elements of the hardbody film. Film Criticism, 32(3), 41-58. According to Ayers in the above article, there ar several connotations of male image in the film industry through the symbol of sex image. In the authors view, the film industry banks on the masculinity of men in the depiction of bad boys who misuse girls, kill people, and do drugs among other vices in the community (Ayers, 2008). Additionally, there is also the relationship between high film ratings for the exposure of hard boy image to repres ent the alluring effect of masculinity and male power. Lee, T. (2002). Virtual violence in Fight Club This is what transformation of masculine ego feels like. daybook of American and Comparative Cultures, 25(3-4), 418-423. DOI10.1111/1542-734X.00059. However, in the perspective of Lee, masculinity according to most men is scratch fights and stoking violence in clubs. This is mostly done as proof of bloated egos and pride that only demeans the maturity of men. Similarly, there is also a promotion of the wrong culture that violence is something noble especially if it is done by men to boost their egos (Lee, 2002). Alternatively, there is also the use of violence to gain sexual domination. Rosenburg, J. (2009). Circles in the browse Australian masculinity, morality and grief. Critical Public health, vol. 19 issue 3-4 page 417-426. However, according to Rosenburg, there are several negative consequences of the promotion of masculinity among men in the moral sphere. For example, the d isplay of masculinity erodes the moral standards of young people who assume that physical power is the same as brain power. It also leads to conjuring trick that the use of masculinity among men is a direct symbol of domination in society everywhere others (Rosenburg, 2009). This has hence resulted to broken morals and peer pressure among young Australians. Alilunas, P. (2009). Male masculinity as the solemnisation of failure The frat pack, women and the trauma of victimization in the dude flick. Mediascape. On the other hand, according to

Usage Of IT Tools In Organization Research Paper

Usage Of IT Tools In establishment - Research Paper ExampleOrganizations such as Farmers Insurance and Travellers Insurance recently have benefited on a major part with the technique of outsourcing their IT and BPO sector. These successful companies seemed to have partitioned core processes and new(prenominal) back-end processes that are of least(prenominal) secondance for outsourcing. Organizations have moved beyond initial points of outsourcing only the back-end processes and they have adopted outsourcing the core growing which produced a statistics report of 40% increment in productivity and high efficiency in greet of labor. On a contrary, companies like CCC Information services in source or import people as a solution to reduce the incurring cost that is at a vague level. This finds a way to control a companys taxes and decisions on outsourcing and insourcing are made based on the occupancy goals of each company. On the analysis made, it is found that the manufacturing companies prefer more of insourcing labors from China or from remote areas in the north where employment is less. Companies can make a straightforward decision to choose insourcing or the other depending on the business requirement. It is also clear that insourcing requires a lot of effort and manpower to train a team and match them to the skill set in a short period of time simply on a large duration inclusive of the cutting down cost of labor, and then this is the scoop way adopted by companies to enhance their profit and productivity. In outsourcing, we get a more brawny and skilled team in a short period. This was considered more expensive and used by large governments earlier. Rapid growth of the IT industries such as TCS, CTS, Accenture and IBM is mainly due to migration of industries from undertaking the core process completely by themselves with less manpower and resources to distributing the process among few trusted partners which is less time consuming and in forc e(p) availability of resources. At a reduced cost, work can be smartly insourced too. It is found that companies with major growth and productivity have adopted these strategies only after a thorough analysis of which organization or people should be insourced or outsourced. Organizations such as Rackspace have started building their own defile spaces where they can share secure data and make it private. The traditional approach of disk spaces has been removed from the stage and the big picture is all about web. Most of the data and information that organizations use are through web. They emerge obtaining permissions and spaces from providers with such cloud options to make their organizational data much

Teachers' Views of The Impact of Instruction in the Inclusion Model Dissertation - 1

Teachers Views of The involve of Instruction in the Inclusion Model for students with Learning Disabilities - Dissertation ExampleIt was tho in the sixties that a group of researchers conducted various, extensive studies into the subject of LDs and brought the view that children with LDs could not be margeed as handicapped (mentally or physically) but they merely formed a deviation in the discipline processes of an individual. With this concept came the theory of comprehensive studies, where the children with LDs were put into general classrooms, albeit with some restrictions. Now in the twenty-first century, various experts have come out front with the view of total inclusion, where there would exist no differences between the students (with or without LDs). However, m either educators have verbalised serious reservations about this process of full inclusion, and they feel that special needs children should be segregated and taught only under the supervision of a special ed ucator. My article volition take an in-depth look at the term learning disabilities, while exploring the various perspectives as noticed within the general educators, in regards to students with LDs and the full-inclusive educational process. The research has been conducted with the express aim of developing a better understanding of the general educators perception of children with LD in an inclusive environment, their perception of efficacy in relation to their training, and their perception of the support that they receive in educating these students. Teachers Views on The impress of Instruction within The Inclusion Model for Students with Learning Disabilities by PhilipThompson Ed.D,Walden University, 2011 Proposal Submitted in Partial fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education Philip Thompson Walden University August 2011 Acknowledgments This is an optional page for acknowledgments. It is a nice place to convey the faculty, family members, and frie nds who have helped you reach this point in your academic career. No page number appears on any of the pages up to this point. If you do not wish to include this page, delete the heading and the body text if a blank page remains, delete the page demolish above but leave the section break that you see below this text. tabular array of Contents tendency of Tables ii List of Figures iii Section 1 Introduction to the Study 4 Introduction 4 Backgroun 5 17 Use this table of circumscribe (TOC) as an example of what one looks like. When it comes time for creating your own TOC, RIGHT CLICK anywhere in the Table of Contents, select UPDATE FIELD, then select UPDATE ENTIRE TABLE or UPDATE scallywag NUMBERS ONLY, and click OK. The table of contents testament be generated using the style tags from the template you will also be able to automatically update the TOC, both added headings and page numbers. List of Tables When you update the contention of tables, the table number and title will come in without a period between them you will need to manually add that period after all table numbers, as shown for Table 1. In addition, the title will retain the italics from the narrative when the List of Tables is updated. Once your enumerate is finalized, select the entire list and change it all plain type. List of Figures Figure 1. Figure caption goes here xx The List of Figures is not set up to automatically update. If you have figures in your document, type them in manually here, spare-time activity the example above. Section 1 Introduction to the Study Introduction The concept of inclusive teaching practices for students with learning disabilities (LDs) is relatively new in the education,

Human resource career field Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human resource career field - Research Paper ExampleHence, a HR generalist has to perform daily tasks such as keeping track of the various activities in the HR department as well as monthly reporting and annual or semi-annual liaison in the appraisals and other tasks.The dimensions of the HR generalist job that interest me are to do with the sense of universe in charge of the HR function and the ringside view that the job offers in terms of alive(p) in the recruitment, training and performance evaluation of the employees. The most exciting thing virtually the HR generalist job is that one can get involved with the various activities of the HR function and get a demote to apply some of the theoretical knowledge gained during the education and also get a chance to hone ones skills by practising the art of HR management. The dimension of the HR generalists job that does not interest me is the rather generic nature of the job when compared to the specialist role that has a more dire ct and deep involvement. The nature of the HR generalist job is such that it requires the person to be knowledgeable about the various activities that are typically performed during the conduct of the job. Hence, I would be interested in playing the role of an observer cum evaluator that is part of the HR generalists job. Further, what interests me about the HR generalists role is that the job entails hands on involvement for certain aspects and an collateral involvement for other aspects.The functions of recruitment and performance evaluation are some of the functions that I perform well. The functions that I need additional training are the training and development function. The recruitment and training functions interest me a lot and I am confident that I can perform well in these functions. I have a natural affinity towards recruitment and performance evaluation activities since I have addicted considerable time towards learning the appropriate theory in

Hinduism and Buddhism - What Sets Them Apart Essay

Hinduism and Buddhism - What Sets Them Apart - Essay ExampleThe feel of human self differs in Hinduism and Buddhism. consort to Hinduism, the individual soul or atman is separate from the body and the intellect. This Atman is indestructible, eternal, and untouched by the changes in life. Individual actions (karma) be governed by the caste, but the soul is independent of caste and action. The last-ditch goal of this atman is to end the cycle of births by merging with the all-pervasive Brahman (Mundaka Upanishad, in The Upanishads cited in Hinduism 66). Buddhist teachings on the other hand claim that there is no such thing as the eternal self. According to Buddhism, each individual is formed by combining the form, feelings, perceptions, volition, and consciousness. The law of karma (action) binds these five forces (The Theravada Buddhist Worldview). Individual actions are results of desires, which lead to suffering and rebirth. To break away from the cycle of births, one must give up desires. As with the Buddhist perspective of the human soul, their views on God are quite different from those of Hindus. Buddhism is an atheist religion. Buddhists desire that individuals have to strive for enlightenment and that God does non help the man in this struggle. Even Buddha is not considered a God, but a venerated leader who showed the path to enlightenment (Means The Four Noble Truth The Eight-fold thoroughfare of the Middle Way). On the other hand, Hinduism is a religion with many gods, the most venerated being Brahma the occasion of the universe, Vishnu the preserver, and Siva the destroyer, along with their respective divine consorts Sarasvati the goddess of knowledge, Lakshmi the goddess of wealth, and Parvati the universal mother. Buddha is considered an incarnation of Vishnu and hence a God (Devotional and lit Movements The Puranas). A Hindu could be devoted to any particular God of his/her choice. This Hindu tolerance towards many gods caused Buddhism in India to fade into Hinduism over time (Introduction, Theravada Buddhism the Middle Way).

The great chain of being Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The great chain of cosmos - Term Paper ExampleThe hierarchical links delineate all the aspects of the community including religion, politics and loving scopes. Although there was great resistance to change and the kings fought against distortion the great chain, change was encroaching into this kingdom. The government genuine policies that allowed distortion of these systems removeing to change in the political, social and religious bodily structures. By the end of the 18th century, it is go on that the change had taken place and the great chain was considerably broken. In this light, the non-homogeneous efforts dedicated to oppose balance failed, paving way for new government structures.In the Tudor dynasty, the great chain of cosmos was a universal hierarchy that was both independent and interdependent. The top of the chain was God, who the people believe to eat the greatest power over them and worshipped Him. The spirits and Angels followed in this hierarchy. Among huma n beings, there were divisions between various categories of people. They were categorized as gentlemen, the citizens and Burgesses, the Yeomen, and the laborers in the order of decreasing power (Bucholz and Key 4-5). As you trespass megabucks the chain, the level of power reduced and the people become more subject to others. This hierarchy also defined the way they passed over power from one generation to the next. For instance, King left their power to their successors while Knights were appointees. The tactual sensation that prevailed is that this order was universal and there was no way that it would change. The kings maintained a centralized government structure by vesting all the power on the governance. A change of this structure was tantamount to sin and it would lead to imbalance of the hierarchy. With this kind of belief, the system remained fixed and the kings had the responsibility to defend this order and maintain the balance of the chain.The Kings fought against any changes in the formal government

Neoliberalism And Urban Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Neoliberalism And Urban Environment - Essay ExampleIt is characterized by freedom and liberty. In a liberalist perspective, they find such concept as letting the people decide of what they want and without any intervention or influence by others or the government itself. It advocates a free mart policy and tries to open the economic possibilities of doing business globally.In such time, great thinkers and even ordinary people are hungry for a development, hungry for another structure that would best cater the interests of the public. People want something new in the body that governs them. As a result of hunger, they in turn had given birth to neoliberalism that until now is a animate idea that influences the world, a science that helped and continue to help in shaping the world.Neoliberalism is a set of principles and theories governing economics. These are principles and theories that are widely influenced by Adam Smith. These are theories mostly used in dealings with the pr oblems of developing countries and the relationship in trade and commerce of developed and developing countries. Neoliberalism is greatly linked to Frederick von Hayeks theories of economics, the IMF and departments of economics such as the Economics department of the University of Chicago.Neoliberalism became a central concept to critical researchers in the kingdom of economics in the 1990s. Neoliberalism, a globally pervasive political project with manifestations at a modification of scales, strives to resurrect the neoclassical economic works of Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus, and David Ricardo to name some. The context in which classical economists were working in, the 18th Century is marked with ideals of democracy and citizenship in which the theory of liberalism was sculptured and developed. The western political theory of liberalism sought to free a natural market from the unnatural control of government. Few seem to signal the merits of a democratic society and the role of political and economic freedom. Although democracy has room for improvement and development, it is no longer a movement without precedence that is looking for an eloquent theory to act as agent. Neoliberalism suggests in that respect is something new and different about the goals of contemporary liberalism. It is referred to by some liberalist thinkers as an offspring of liberalism. In public terms, the new of neoliberalism is the idea that there are inevitable external market forces that will require structural transform and that structural change is only applied to select institutionalizations of the state (Peck 2004). This idea is new compared to classical liberalism because neoliberals work to shine the state to a point of near death, whereas classical liberalists recognized the state as a indispensable evil to be looked at with skepticism. And, again in general terms, the difference between neoliberalism and its root liberalist ideals is the contextual embedded ness - diffe rent times develop different ideas. And, neoliberals are not necessarily conflict a totalitarian state as their liberalist predecessors had.NEOLIBERALISM PROPONENTS AND VIEWSOne of the great thinkers that made his name famous in this field was Frederick von Hayek who founded the Mont Pelerin society in 1947. The main objective of the Mont Pelerin society was to establish a free market which is not in control of the government

Optimizing the condition of the PCR detecting of PTEN gene in DNA Research Paper - 1

Optimizing the condition of the PCR detecting of PTEN gene in DNA derived from human electric cell lines, associated with ageing and senescence - Research Paper ExampleTraditional PCR is used for amplifying DNA for sequencing, genotyping and cloning. However, this has a be of shortcomings namely poor precision, low sensitivity, short, dynamic range of less than 2 logs, low resolution, is non-automated, based on discriminatory size only, results cannot be expressed as numbers, the staining agent ethdium bromide is not cost-efficient at quantification and finally, post-PCR figure outing is required.This paper looks at the analysis of PTEN using traditional PCR method. The process was not boffo despite the necessary steps being undertaken. PTEN primer, when used on a Hacat cell line, showed annealing at approximately 62 degrees. However, the use of PTEN with similar parameters that were later altered for optimization yielded no results. The methodology has been discussed, and the g el results showing synthesized images have been included in this report. The discussion that covers the PCR process and its effectiveness has also been included. The fidelity of the PCR process has been discussed to extrapolate on the possible reasons for the failure of this analysis.Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog gene commonly referred to as PTEN gene provides the necessary instructions for the synthesis of a protein that is present in almost all body tissues (Sulis, 2003). The protein is significant in its affair as a tumour suppressor and aids in the regulation of cell division by inhibiting cells from diving and growing too fast or uncontrollably. PTEN is a phosphotase which modifies other fats and proteins through the removal of inorganic phosphate groups comprising of one phosphorus atom and three oxygen atoms (Cohen 1990).There are a number of medical checkup conditions that are linked to PTEN gene mutation including Cowden Syndrome and Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (Weary et al, 1972 Cohen 1990) which are often termed together as the PTEN hematoma tumor syndrome. The gene mutations that are responsible for these conditions are found in body

Thermochemistry Hess' law Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Thermochemistry Hess law - Lab Report poserThermochemistry, which is a branch of thermodynamics deals with the assessment of heat energy transfer linked with chemical reactions in the lab. accomplishment about these heat energy transfer linked with three different chemical reactions is important for interrogation Hesss law which states that The enthalpy change for any reaction depends on the products and reactants and is independent of the pathway or the number of steps between the reactant and product (Regger et al 189). The knowledge obtained from this experiment is intrinsic for the chemists who usually follow track of the changes witnessed in the chemical bonds when carrying out ta chemical reaction.200 ml of distilled water was swan in the Styrofoam calorimeter followed by stirring with a thermometer. The reading in the thermometer was monitored up to the point when constant temperature was reached. 2 grams of sodium hydroxide was position into the water and stirred with t he thermometer until the highest temperature was reached.200 ml of 0.25 ml of hydrochloric acid was fixed in Styrofoam and stirred with a thermometer to ensure a constant temperature was reached. 2 grams of sodium hydroxide was placed into the hydrochloric acid and stirred with the thermometer until the highest temperature was reached. c ml of 0.50 M of hydrochloric acid solution was put into calorimeter while 100 ml of 0.5 M sodium hydroxide was placed in a 250 ml beaker, at dwell temperature. The temperature and volumes for each was measured. The sodium hydroxide solution was then added into the Styrofoam cup containing the solution of hydrochloric acid. The mixture was stirred with the thermometer until the highest temperature was reached. fit to the result obtained from the experiment, Hess law The enthalpy change for any reaction depends on the products and reactants and is independent of the pathway or the number of steps between the reactant and

Developing the Self and Employability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Developing the Self and Employability - Essay voiceTo understand the employability skills, it is imperative to assess the job of an officer in the Human Resource part of an organization. A human resource officer undertakes duties such as the evaluation of jobs, planning of the organization, planning of the manpower available, endurance and recruitment of new employees, employee services, development and training of the current employees and termination of employment.The academic requirements for this job entail the applier possessing a Bachelors Degree in a relevant field. Some organizations require a soul to be a holder of any degree. However, having a degree in Psychology, Law, Management or having any opposite business-related degree increases the chances of both(prenominal)one getting a job in the human resource department. In some organizations, a person who applies for a job as an officer in the Human Resource Department may need to have some experience in either a techn ical or a scientific field. This depends on the nature of operations that the organization undertakes (Inkson et al, 2012, p. 325).Employability skills are a set of skills that an someone seeking a job needs to possess so that an organization may employ them (Briscoe, third house & Frautschydemuth, 2006, p. 31). These skills support the subject knowledge and the good understanding of the technicalities that the job requires, and employers look emerge for them when they interview latent employees. Employability skills are those skills that will equip a worker so that they are able to carry out the specific roles that their employers have assigned to them to their best (Hall, 2004, p. 7).I undertook an MBTI test. An MBTI test is an essential tool for assessing whether a person is suited for a specific job or career and it is among the most widely used nature assessment tests.

Models of Integration Implementation Research Paper

Models of Integration Implementation - look for Paper ExampleAny software development procedure is divided into numerous logic stages that countenance the developer to consolidate work competently, in order to build a software product of the necessary functionality inwardly a precise period and financial plan.This model is a progressive scheme process, in which feeler is seen as flowing progressively down, like a waterfall, over the phases of formation, commencement, analysis, scheme, assembly, testing, and upkeep. According to this model, each stage essential be finalized before the subsequent stage can begin (Petrice, 2002).This model traces its roots in the saying and manufacturing industries, which comprise highly organized physical settings in which after-the fact fluctuations are excessively inflated, if not unbearable. This ironware sloping model was merely adjusted for software development at the time for the reason that no software development approaches existed. Wins ton frequently quotes formal explanation of this model as a 1970 article. He in time did not specifically use the word waterfall in the article. He termed the model as an moral of faulty, non-working model (Petrice, 2002).According to Royce, the software in request is premeditated and a blue print is haggard for implementers or coders to trail. Once design is thorough, an application of that plan is made by coders, and just before the subsequent stages of the implementation stage, distinct software components manufactured are joined to present new functionality and abridged chance over the removal of errors (Petrice, 2002).This model is not suitable for a high-level plan it is only relevant in a low-level project plan (Petrice, 2002). This is due to lack of prototype in the previous stages of the process, until the implementation stage. This might present a catastrophe for a high-level plan, in terms of cost and time spent, for any fault would necessities the repeat of the de velopment process.

Diabetes WA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Diabetes WA - seek Paper ExampleThe support of the NDSS is also shown c arfully in this paper. In this particular(a) paper intimately of the information are taken from the diabetes WA website and from some relevant secondary sources like books, journals and online reviews. Introduction The Diabetes WA is a noble organization which is been helping throng since long time in Western Australia. However, to wear a strong position within the market the proper and suitable funds are required and at the same time the awareness must be distributed accordingly to attract more people towards it. The advertizement and the marketing communication tools play a vital role in this matter. The proper advertizement strategy is a must to keep the sustainability intact within the market for a longer time. The aspire group, micro and macro environmental factors are very much great in this scenario. It is very important to understand that no matter how strong a company is, but if it doesnt have the strength to reach the conduct customers or the target group then all of its strength will be lost very soon. Industry back domain Diabetes is one of the most dangerous diseases in the medical field. It roll in the hay create more problems like feeling weak, Wight loss, etc. the reference 2 1 diabetes provoke be very stressful, it can have major effects on the human health (Weiner et al 2003, 197). Diabetes has become a most common disease in Australia. It is been predicted that the diabetes would affect more than one meg people in Australia (Hastings 2007, 322). It has been seen that one hundred and fifty people are diagnosed with diabetes every day in Australia. There are basically two types of diabetes and they are type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Among these, the type 2 diabetes is the fastest growing form of diabetes (Hastings 2007, 322). And this type of diabetes is mostly seen among the adults who are aged above forty. In the recent time near 7 percent of the population in Australia had been detected with diabetes and it was predicted that it would be almost 3.3 million Australians would carry diabetes within 2031 (Diabetes WA annual report 2010, 4). Within this industrial back ground a proper advertising strategy is very much important for the organization to attract the target group. The DAGMAR approach is important in this scenario and the innovative promotional activities are also very vital. From these figures it is very get ahead that the diabetes industry is growing very fast and it is taking a shape which is huge enough to blueprint the medical industry as well as the pharmaceutical industry. However, in this case the main relegation of the Diabetes WA is not to create more diabetic patient it basically to help the people to hold back the diabetes. There are many micro and macro environmental factors are involved in this factor. The diabetes is a chronic disease and it can be fetal in some cases. However, the growth of the diabetes dep ends on many factors like living style, food habit, sugar intake etc. the macro and micro environmental factors are very much involved in this case. And all these factors are closely related with the advertising strategies. The advertising campaign is basically to build the brand awareness about the NDSS and Diabetes WA. The growing industry and the growing get of diabetic people in the Western Australia have given a great potential to this particular advertising campa

Motivating High School Students Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Motivating High School Students - Essay ExampleCreating changes in the planning of courses whereby the teacher is forced to have many choices of materials use in motivating these disciples. The teacher finish spend time on discussions in class activities imposes emotion, social and moral parts of education. This is normally an legal method of motivating students to act on difficult topics in their studies. These students should be encouraged to read to a greater extent books to gain more knowledge for themselves in various aspects of their studies.Teachers are demanded to focus on the students matter culturally, lingually and socially and at the same time, they should encourage the students to choose roots that are of interest to them. These high school students should be allowed choose a unit of their study whereby, the teacher can relate the students preferences of the subjects by asking them questions on the subjects they like and those they hate. 1Motivation, in this case t he high school teachers who are serious and are prosecute in educating this category of students in high schools must apply the teaching techniques they have acquired in guild to motivate these students to achieve their goals in school where by each child should be involved in every meaningful learning while at school.The first step that a teacher is recommended to seize on is to know what the students like or dislike about the school activities and what they would recommend the school to do to modify them have an environment that makes them to learn better. The teacher should also interview the other teachers including carrying out class observations whereby the teacher is enabled to know the strengths and weaknesses of each student who needs motivation under this, the teacher should include the activities and preferences of each student with their personal goals.The teacher should therefore learn to like all students despite their differences in school realise performances. H e should create an environment for every student in which they can be free to ask their own questions, under this, the teacher is recommended not to be too serious thus he should consume himself in creating funs during his lessons in order to break the boredom that some students may be facing which leads them to dislike the particular teacher which may lead to poor performance by the students in that particular subject that the teacher teaches.Teachers are encouraged to be caring and be able to give attention and financial aid to each and every student in his class. This is said to be normally the major factor confidential information to improvement in the achievement of the students school goals. The teacher who is engaged in motivating the students should therefore go out that the students are given personal assistance using various teaching strategies which ensures that every student fetch his study work with a success before proceeding to a more challenging work, therefore, the teacher should start by working on the strength of the student but not on his weakness. 2The teacher is supposed to create an environment in which students are allowed to explain a difficult

The Mbuti Culture Essay Example for Free

The M andi Culture EssayThe Mbuti Culture The way a culture sets their living impacts many an(prenominal) aspects of cultural behaviors and has been a very effective way to organize thoughts and studies around different cultures. For most of human history raft get hold of heavyd a foraging or in embodimenter(a) terms, hunting and gathering type of lifestyle. It has been said that foraging is the oldest form of human society and it was date all the way game to the Paleolithic period, which was at least a million years ag 1 (Nowak Laird, 2010). The Mbuti atomic number 18 Bantu speaking foragers, who live in small, independent communities within the northeast array of the classless Republic of Congo. There actual location is found in the southern part of the Ituri Forest (The Mbuti of Yankee congo, 2006). Mbuti people flummox a nomadic lifestyle within a definite territory and live in a subsistence rescue, meaning they lonesome(prenominal) produce what they need to survive (Nowak Laird, 2010).They make their living by hunting and gathering, and this has had a big impact on their kinship, political organization, and their beliefs and values. The Mbuti culture has in any case had to overcome many changes without the past ages s veritable(a)ty years. Among foragers very much(prenominal) as the Mbuti, theres an endless movement of goods through and through kinship ties and residential shut outness that have a positive impact on peoples obligations to one another. The responsibility to share and the traveling lifestyle prevent the buildup of individual wealth. No one mortal owns or has control over the resources and there are no differences in wealth among individuals (Nowak Laird, 2010). However, individuals do have rights over the natural beehives or termite mounds which they have located and marked (The Mbuti of northern congo, 2006). The Mbuti culture has plastered beliefs and customs regarding marriage. When people from the Mbut i culture marry, it involves the throwment of bridewealth or either the exchange of sisters or other close female relatives.The bridewealth was commonly give with iron implements or bark clothing, but today its paid in cash. Nowadays, exchanged marriages are the most common in bridewealth and they account for nearly half of the marriages in some bands. A rightfully married couple most of the time livesvirilocally, which leads to the band structure of partilineally associate men and their wives and children. Families are involved in clans with each(prenominal) specific clan having certain names and totemic brutes that are avoided by members (The Mbuti of northern congo, 2006). Actual band composition is, however, more composite, with uxorilocal residence, and band fission and alignment (The Mbuti of northern congo, 2006, p.3). Aside from kinship, the political organization is another feature that is greatly impacted by the special mode of subsistence. It has been said that, t he main difference between our society and the Mbutis society is that, ours is based on discrete or separated individuals, while theirs is a verbalisele corporate group (Ground, 1983). indoors each band, there is a spokesperson called the kapita. Until recently, the kapitas role was limited to liaison work with horticultural villagers and regional administrators. The kapita handled things such as tax collections, census taking, and administrative demands. If those demands were not in-fact handled, the kapita was called into the local administrative stumbleice. Oddly enough, the kapita office was recognized by other band members, through recognition of his sufferings on behalf of the community. Conflicts within the band were handled usually by face-to-face interactions, especially when it had to deal with labor, food, material culture, and bridewealth (The Mbuti of northern congo, 2006). Decisions that needed to be made concerning the undefiled band such as camp movement or certa in hunting grounds are made in the course of mens gatherings in what they call the tele. The opinions that came from the elderly and more undergo individuals were respected the most. Sometimes the aged women were allowed to join in on the discussions, but the younger women had to listen gently from their families homes.Usually when conflicts arose, one of the dis coifants moved to another camp to calm down. If the conflicts resulted in injury, the matter was submitted to the local villages court (The Mbuti of northern congo, 2006). Another aspect of the Mbuti culture, that the primary mode of subsistence impacts is their religious beliefs and values. For the Mbuti people, their physical surroundings is clearly all accommodating, their food is fresh in hand each day, and they dont have marked seasons so in return, they live day to day rather than thinking about the past and future. Their attention is on the present moment as well as the present musculus quadriceps femoris. They do not worry about whatisnt here and forthwith and that goes the same for time and space as well. uniform for instance, if the hunting and gathering isnt good near the camp, they would just simply move the camp. This method helped to reestablish the habitual goodness for the here and the now (Turnbull, 1985).Even the visual aspect of the Mbuti world has a underlying effect on their thinking (Turnbull, 1985, p.9). They see the forest clearings to be cavernous, their houses are sphere shaped, and their concept of space is also spherical. They believe that each hunting camp and house is its own sphere surrounding the sterling(prenominal) sphere of all, the forest. All in all, each Mbuti is in the center of his own sphere that moves with him through time and space he is always equally adapted to everything that is around, at any given moment (Turnbull, 1985). The Mbuti people believe that forest animals are an important source of food however, some of them could cause awful diseas es and other hardship if they were eaten imprecisely. For example, they felt that pregnant women and babies were vulnerable to certain animals and these animals were called kuweri. It was express, that about eighty percent of the sixty mammals were avoided for that occurrence reason for at least a part of the life-cycle (The Mbuti of northern congo, 2006).Mbuti were famous for their dancing and singing this was performed for sport as well as the essential part of the rites of passage. Some examples were circumcision, girls puberty, marriages, and funerals. There were also known for communication with the dead ancestors, who supposedly caused the living to sing and dance. The different kinds of songs were associated with different types of activities such as net fishing, elephant hunting, and sweeten collecting (The Mbuti of northern congo, 2006). One ritual that the Mbuti often practiced was the Ritual Performance of the Molimo Made and Molimo Mangbo. This bad-tempered ritual involved the use of a hooter that was made out of wood and was secretly cabalistic in a tree, deep into the forest. The ritual itself involves both dance and song for the exclaim (referred to as the animal of the of the forest) as well as for all other participants (Turnbull, 1985, p.12).Singing and dancing takes place every night that the ritual lasts and the appearance of the trumpet is unpredictable. The Molimo Made might only last one night, but it seldom ever went past three or four nights and the trumpet would usually make at least one appearance per night (Turnbull, 1985). This ritual is intendedto cure noise-or akami- and the trumpet appears in the form of the elephant in direct response to such akami (Turnbull, 1985, p.12). On the other hand, the Molimo Mangbo continues for about a month or so, and the trumpet only appears when theres ekimi (Turnbull, 1985). This is the molimo that cures death itself, by making it good, a go that demands the total ekimi it brings, with the trumpet appearing as the leopard (Turnbull, 1985, p.12). In both cases, a young Mbuti member goes off into the woods to fall upon the trumpets hiding spot later on dark. There isnt anything special about how they go retrieve it, but the youth are all boys and are close to the marrying age. When the boys do in-fact find the trumpet, there is a certain ceremony that one boy must perform because the trumpet isnt sacred all by itself (Turnbull, 1985).Like any Mbuti ritual paraphernalia, it is not sacred merely for what it achieves (Turnbull, 1985, p.12). If the trumpet just so happens to be putrefactionten or is becoming too short, it is left there to rot without ceremony. Each time that the trumpet is taken down from a tree, the young boys inspect it and test the sound (Turnbull, 1985). When the trumpet arrives at the camp, the ritual will differ according to whether or not it is of greater or lesser molimo. If its lesser, the trumpet will circle the camp numerous times sounding piercingly just as if a herd of elephants were surrounding the camp. Then the young boys will all put one hand on the trumpet and phlebotomize head first into the camp. They go right through the of import place and bombardment the house thats on the opposite side. Sometimes they might would run directly into it and beat on it with their fists or tear off some of the leaves, or they might even uproot the sticks that were used to make the foundation.After that, they run back through the rudimentary place and attack the house that was closest to where they came out of the forest. This is repeated and every time they make sure to cross the primordial place and if anything should be in the way, it was destroyed (Turnbull, 1985). The Mbuti people, who were in the houses that were being attacked, tried to plead with the young boys to go away, but neither the people who were barricaded in their homes nor the young boys would make direct references as to wherefore the akami had broug ht out the molimo made. The Mbuti people knew everything was over when they heard the boys singing as they took the trumpet away after its final attack. The song that the boys sang was a rather aggressive, defiant andpotentially destructive sound, care the elephants would make. When the boys got back to the hidden place to put the trumpet back into the tree, they would make a shrill trumpeting sound into the instrument.If it was a molimo mangbo, the trumpet would again circle the camp, kind of like before, but growling and coughing sounds would be made, like a leopard (Turnbull, 1985). It occasionally breaks into song as the singer echoes the sound of all those gathered around the central fire, the kumamolimo. Sometimes this is all the youths will do, refusing to enter the camp at all (Turnbull, 1985, p.14). If this was to happen, then the kumamolimo knew that it was in-fact their fault, because they didnt sing and dance well enough. This would be repeated every night until the sin ging and dancing around the central place was sufficient enough to entice the greatest dancer and singer of all (Turnbull, 1985). When the trumpet did check to enter the camp, it was welcomed because it brought ekimi rather than akami. The trumpet may stay all night or it may only decide to stay for a few minutes, but that depends on how well everyone sings and dances.There is always a sense of sadness when the trumpet finally leaves as suddenly as it came, for it brings to the camp a dot and quality of ekimi that, the Mbuti say, mere humans can never achieve by themselves (Turnbull, 1985, p.15). At the end of the festival, when the solidifying is complete, the dancing becomes more intensive and makes it more communal rather than individual, with very specific uniqueness to the occasion. Within the final week of the festival, an old woman joins the group of men and she also brings a number of nubile girls. The girls take over the mens position of singing and dancing until the tri bute is paid. Then one night the woman will dance around slowly through the fire, scattering the burning logs to every side. After that, the men jump to their feet and kick the logs back into the center, dancing around as if in a communal act of regeneration, clearly imitating the act of copulation as the fire springs back to life (Turnbull, 1985, p.15).It has been stated that this would happen several times and then the old woman triumphs. An old man would slowly casting through the ember, putting out every last one until the fire that fed the molimo was indeed gone. The trumpet sounds for the last time and this time, it leads the singing. This camp remains very special until the camp decides to move. Its special because it has been transform by the molimo mangbo (Turnbull,1985). Needless to say, the Mbuti Molimo Ritual is a major ritual in Mbuti life. The molimo is associated with the death after a successful kill has been made and could also take place at the time of a crisis su ch as a poor hunting season. Mbutis current situation is very different now then back in the day. The profitable mall trade began in the nineteen-fifties and intensified in the nineteen-seventies and has stir market-oriented hunting for the Mbuti. The Mbuti had links to the outside economy only indirectly with their villager patrons before the development of the meat trade.The meat trade aloud traders from outside of the forest to visit Mbuti camps and do face-to-face transactions with the hunters and this avoided the traditional kpara race. The kpara relationship has declined as its economic basis of meat and labor has lost its former importance (The Mbuti of northern congo, 2006, p.4). In the nineteen-eighties, the gold dust mines opened and this caused the immigration to progress. The Mbuti population has annexd by as much as forty percent during this same time period. Deforestation and degradation of resources was caused by the sudden increase in population (The Mbuti of nor thern congo, 2006). The Mbuti have become more involved in the market economy and they have had to start paying government taxes.Most Mbuti men in the Teturi area now pay half the tax paid by villagers, and hold their own interior(a) identity cards. In admission to tax collectors, there are soldiers and civil servants demanding meat and labor from Mbutis (The Mbuti of northern congo, 2006, p.5). The main reason that the sedentarization figure failed is because of the flight of Mbutis from officials and government agents back in the nineteen-seventies. To say the least, the Mbuti are gradually becoming incorporated with the congou/Congo state through the ways of taxation, elections, national identity cards, and participation in other national events (The Mbuti of northern congo, 2006).In conclusion, the Mbuti are Bantu speaking foragers, who live in small, independent communities within the northeastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo. There actual location is found in th e southern part of the Ituri Forest (The Mbuti of northern congo, 2006). Mbuti people have a nomadic lifestyle within a certain territory and live in a subsistence economy, meaning they only produce what they need to survive (Nowak Laird, 2010). They make their living by hunting and gathering,and this has had a big impact on their kinship, political organization, and their beliefs and values. The Mbuti culture has also had to overcome throughout the past seventy years as well.ReferencesGround, P.L.B., Berger, P.L. (1983, April 10). Western complaints. New York Times, pp. A. 13. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com/docview/424621445?accountid=32521 Nowak, B.S., Laird, P.F. (2010). Cultural Anthropology. Retrieved from http//content.ashford.edu/AUANT101.10.2 The Mbuti of northern Congo. (2006). In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Retrieved from http//credoreference.com/entry/cuphg/i_iv_7_the_mbuti_of_northern_congo Turnbull, C.M. (1985, Autumn). Processional Ritual among the Mbuti Pygmies. The Drama Review TDR, 17(3), 6-17. Retrieved from http//www.jstor.org/stable/1145649

The business world Essay Example for Free

The business universe canvasThe business world we live in like a shot is a dog eat dog world and there is no such thing as slowing down anytime soon. If you rest that means you whitethorn fail because there is endlessly someone or a companionship thinking and creating new ideas or products all the time that may be better than your rate of flow ideas or products. That is why many companies dedicate adopted an entrepreneurial culture to help survive and thrive in todays market place (Ryan May). There are four main reasons why entrepreneurial companies seek innovation in todays marketplace Independent perform, Innovation, Competitive aggressiveness, and Risk taking. Independent action is a key federal agent for an entrepreneurial culture because it allows and encourages employees to create new ideas and then implement the changes that are needed to go frontwards with those ideas. These new ideas could and may lead to new products which in turn could lead to new revenues for the company. Independent action to a fault triggers an internal need for people who need and want to be personally recognized for their warm work which pushes them to work harder.Innovation is the opportunity to create something from nothing or to expand a current idea into a better idea. Innovation can only take place when a company and its workers allow for the opportunity to create new ideas or theories. This is important in the business world in launch to keep up with the times. contention is where the strong will survive and where people will be the best that they can be. A competitive environment feeds into a persons desire to always want to be the best against the best. This will allow for many new ideas and theories to be shared and created. Competition is what keeps a business alive and fresh because when a company because complacent they tend to become endangered and weak and then are easily surpassed or taken over by a competitor (Ryan May).Lastly, risk taking, is the aspect that every entrepreneurial company will constitute to face in dedicate to be successful for a long period of time. This aspect is the hardest to overcome because it will involve a burden to the company initially by either the labor to create the new idea or product or the finances that will have to be put up in order to make the new product or idea a reality. That is why companies are gearing to have an entrepreneurial culture because it allows every individual in the company to feel important and significant which also leads to more creative ideas and theories.

Consistent Philosophy of Life Essay Example for Free

Consistent doctrine of Life EssayAbstractThis authorship focuses flush toilet all(a)isons management elbow room, what he causes to be the subjective characteristics of a trineer, and how he employs ethics and conventions in this e trulyday life, in craft, and as an educational leader. He is the causality chief executive officer of BBT and current leader of the CATO Institute. There is little distinction between Allisons leadership expressive style and his philosophy. His philosophy hobo be directly applied to any situation, ch whollyenge, or circum status. Allison is economic consumption driven and accusation oriented, and he applies a set of ten principles to achieve his c ar. This paper pass on also look at how Allison defines a vision, thrill, values and principles. Each of the ten principles be examined, and finally, the paper pass on look at proficient about of the detractors of Allisons philosophy.John Allison, Consistent Philosophy of Life, Effectiv e Manager of profession, and Important Contri aloneor to Society. John Allison lives by a clear philosophy that permeates every aspect of his life. He built a multi-trillion dollar imprecate (BBT) on it, and managed to stay away from hepatotoxic investments that led to the downfall of many banks because of it. He is now winning this exceedingly moral, completely integrated, and fully comprehensive philosophy to the rest of confederation by donating meter and cash to universities by explaining the morality of capitalism and demythologized thought. Most recently, he was appointed to lead the Cato Institute, a Libertarian think-tank. An legal manager instills function in themselves and their employees and lives by a set of values or principles that manifests settle into literality.The purpose needs to be clear and the principles must be interconnected and concordant. Failure on wiz principle is failure on all principles and thus, the vision, mission, and goals of an geo sensible formation be jeopardized. This conception is consistent with six competencies detailed in Hellriegel, Jacosn, and Slocums text book, Managing, A Competency- base Approach. For example, an organization determines that it must outsource a piece of their production (Strategic Action). Therefore, executive management must effectively work with operations professionals (Teamwork), who must develop and action plan (Planning Administration) and turn over that plan to line managers.It is imperative that executive management c befully considered the cultural drivers of the country that they are submission (Multi-Cultural). Finally, whether this strategy is effective hinges upon whether all takes of employees rich person uncorrupted Self- solicitude skills. Failure on any part of these competencies will lead to failure on the whole. Hellreigels six competencies pass John Allisons integration hear even so, Johns principles remove the organizational lens of the six competenc ies to obligate them practically basic and universal. This paper looks at John Allisons management style and how it is driven by his vision, mission, and principles. Success with these principles will lead to the success of the six competencies. Finally, this paper will spend some time with the detractors and mis empathizeings of Johns philosophy.John Allisons Management StyleIt is impossible to explain John Allisons management style without acquire into the details of his basic philosophy first. The Richard Craver of the Winston-Salem journal wondered Allison in July 2010, and he noned that, the key lesson of Allisons success is that if you give out the basics right, the details will follow, and you will run your business right. If you bring about the basics wrong, youll eventual(prenominal)ly make a fatal mistake in the details (Craver 2011). Allisons basics are a purpose driven life and organization that is achieved through principles. This philosophy is detailed in a 30 scallywag employee enchiridion that all employees are expected to understand and has remained consistent at BBT for over 20 years. As a result, BBT attracts employees who agree, and repels employees who disagree. After a quarter century, they have established a culture of great coherency, and in business, that is a great power (Craver 2011). From a bigger picture perspective, John Allisons management style is utilitarian in its climax however, this implies that BBTs goal is to simply be profitable.However, profitability is a core to the overall vision of BBT, which is to make the greetledge base a better vest to live in (Allison 2011). Allison explained in a lecture at Wake Forrest University that money is non the end game instead pelf are the means of the overall goal (Allison 2011). The utilitarian methodical approach whitethorn be considered amoral, at best however, it drop deads highly moral in the context of a moral vision and purpose. At the eggshell-by-case train, BBT does non simply manage employees, instead, they develop leaders.Allison explained that Most business failures are due to leadership failures more or less of those are the result of personal leadership failures (Allison 2011). Therefore, each employee is not just given a handbook of BBTs vision, mission and values, but they also attend a presentation given by Allison himself. In this presentation, Allison explains that in that respect are two fundamental aspects to leadership. First, leaders must create a mavin of purpose in themselves and their employees. Purpose creates passion. Second, leaders must live principles that turn purpose into reality (Allison 2011). Living these principles motivates add up performers to perform at an above total level and prevents the Great from becoming average.Allisons Clear philosophyAllisons philosophy bath be summarized by a public vision that is manifested by a mission statement. The vision is To make the world a beam that you want t o live in (Allison 2011). The mission is to apply principles that improve the odds of staying alive, becoming successful, and ultimately world happy. The ten principles are go on outlined herein and are universally applied to individualist and organizational missions. Allisons personal vision and mission parallels BBTs vision and mission statement, which is To make the world a better place by part our clients achieve economic success and financial security creating a place where our employees can learn, grow and be fulfilled making the communities in which we work better places to be and thereby, optimizing the long-term return to our shareholders, while providing a safe and sound investment (Handbook 5). With the Vision and Mission clearly defined, Allisons ten principles are commandment 1 RealityThe reality principle is an Aristotelian concept that A=A. In an interview with newly York Times, Allison said that, Wishing something is so does not make it so (Martin 2009). Altho ugh this concept seems very simple, there are plenty of examples in history where individuals, governments and businesses evaded reality. Allison projected that, I guarantee that long before the rest of us knew, those geniuses at Lehman Brothers, knew that something was wrong, but they evaded it (Martin 2009). Reality is self-employed person of authority. For example, the ratings agencies had a level of authority in the market place however, the ratings agencies evaded the reality that subprime lending was unsustainable. BBT avoided the subprime market by not evading reality and being accountable for evaluating authority and find out what was true (Allison 2011). Reality is also independent of popularity. For example Galileo bucked the popular idea that the earth revolved just about the sun.Principle 2 Reason / ObjectivityAllison contends that mankinds competitive advantage is that humans have the ability to think and develop concept formation. Allison avoids religion however, this concept is not in conflict with a Christians perspective with some distinction. divinity fudge created man in the image of God. Therefore, to dry land is to approach God and to fulfill His intention for mankind. Allison applies Aristotles model of thought. First, base premise on facts second, use inducive and deductive reasoning third, integrate conclusions that are not contradictory and forth, use conclusion to reach a higher level of thought (start the cycle again). Deductive reasoning is the concrete application of a general principle. Inductive reasoning is the taking a general principle and applying it to a specific application. BBT has been a highly strategic organization, which requires objective thought and facing reality. In the late 1980s, laws were about to change that would allow banks to put in other states.Realizing that North Carolina would soon be flooded with competition from larger banks, he began a serial of intra-state acquisitions prior to the changing of the laws. This allowed them a head start on the out-of-state competition while giving BBT the sense to perfect the merger process well before the larger consolidation of the industry. Allison recognized the reality, used inducive and deductive reasoning to conclude that they would need to get bigger, be purchased, or struggle as a result of the changes in the law, and then was able to move on with a new premise of how to become bigger. Despite the popular opinion that BBT was paying too much for some of its acquisitions, the strategy paid off. BBT defended its authority as acquirer of choice, and stressed the strategic nature of its acquisitions.It had developed a reputation as one of the most successful integrators of acquired banks in the industry. Darn few have been able to get away with a consolidation strategy, but one of the best is BBT, an SNL Securities analyst told the Business Journal Serving Charlotte and the Metropolitan world (BBT.com). Allison also uses reason t o implement a method of philanthropic activities in order to be more effective found on BBTs core strengths. Allison explained in Philanthropic Magazine that, The money that was being spent wasnt going to promote the well-being of our company or our country. We take to focus our contributions on something that will matter, and we think that presenting the concepts that undergird capitalism is essential for both BBTs well-being and the well-being of the society in which we live (Sparks 2011).Principle 3 IndividualAllison contends that all thought happens at the individual level. Our brains are not physically connected (Allison 2011). Teamwork is important principle, but new ideas are generated by the individual. A group can improve the idea or even give some the inspiration to develop a new idea, but the thought came from ones mind. This principle also means that the individual is responsible for themself. A manager cannot be responsible for their employees, Allison explained in his lecture. A manager, parent, or leader can sole(prenominal) guide nation, but the individual must make choices and affix attitudes for herself/himself.Understanding this concept is very liberating not only for the individual employee, but also for the organization. At the employee level, ownership of their own role gives them a sense of importance. At the organizational level, businesses benefit by having limitless ideas that bubble up to management. In Cravers interview with Allison, he noted that, The decision not to write mortgage loans of the type that are now called toxic was made by a fairly low-level executive without even consulting Allison (Craver 2011).Allison continues the concept of liberating the individual by saying, Man has rational efficacy, and a capitalist arranging allows him the grea hear individual separateddom to exercise that capacity for creativity and innovationand to be reciprocateed accordingly. It is, in a very deep sense, a just system (Sparks 2 011).Principle 4 ProductivityProductivity is a measurable at the organizational level though output and profitability. A profitable business is a good thing. More fundamentally, productivity is the gut-level commitment to get the job done (Allison 2011). From a Christians perspective, production and productivity is a very eldritch concept the idea that something tangible was formed from the intangible. This is especially spiritual when the idea was inspired through entreaty and worship. There is a parallel between with the most miraculous event in history, when the spirit became flesh, and when someones idea becomes reality. The root word for sacrifice is to approach (Wigoder 873) therefore, when a person creates, she is performing a kind of sacrifice not in the sense that something is given up, but instead, both the tangible world and the spiritual world are in agreement On earth as it is in heaven.Allisons professional trajectory certainly is one of productivity. He started at BBT, once have intercoursen as the grow Banking and Trust Company, in 1971 and became chief executive in 1989, when the bank had $4.7 billion in assets. By the time he retired as C.E.O. in December, he had overseen 60 bank and savings-institution acquisitions and turned BBT into the 11th-largest bank in the nation, with $152 billion in assets, according to the bank (Martin 2009). Allison commented on BBTs Sterling Award winners (internal awards found on productivity). He noted that the same people won 25% of these awards, and that they all shared a commonality. All of them discussed what they were doing, and were not stuck on the obstacles. There is a basic belief in their ability to achieve (Allison 2011).Principle 5 HonestyWithout honesty, nothing else whole works, whether that is capitalism, a church, a business, or a government. Marilyn Fedak is a retired Investment Manager that works with John Allison on making the case for the free market at the university level. In a gi ve voice conference with Allison, she refers to the importance of honesty, At its best, the free market produces a virtuous cycle, but it has to be grow in trust and the rule of law. Trust and predictability are everything. Capitalism is based upon the idea that, implicitly or explicitly, youre making contracts with people all day long, and if you cant trust that the laws in place will prevail and that the other person is going to fulfill their side of the bargain, well, then no transactions are going to take place. (Sparks 2011)Allison explains that being honest 100% of the time is a true test of right. For example, You can be wrong and be honest. We are not omniscient. Therefore, We must mean what we say and know what we mean (Allison 2011). This phrase encompasses two concepts. One, cumulative white lies lead to a black lie. For example, some managers are less than honest on performance reviews by sugarcoating or enabling underperformance. Then, the manager reaches a severanc e point, or the poor performance leads to major mistake.The employee neer gets the chance to correct their actions due to their manager not being honest. On the other hand, the manager may be wrong in his/her premise that the employee is the problem. The real problem may be a poorly designed system, which could have been addressed during the performance review. The concept of cumulative white lies is also evident in personal relationships. Allison gives an example of a married couple, the preserve gets mad at the wife for not hearing what he didnt say (Allison 2011). Two, it is up to the individual to take responsibility for their claim to knowledge. Sometimes the best answer is, I dont know (Allison 2011). Principle 6 IntegrityIntegrity is defined as the consistent application of moral principles. David Leoper is the CEO of Wealthcare Capital Management. He also subscribes to Allisons objectivist philosophy. Leoper references Ayn Rands description of morality as the, Judgment t o ramify right and wrong, vision to see the truth, courage to act upon it, dedication to that which is good, and integrity to stand by it at any price (Geracoiti 2011). By this definition, integrity is akin to faith. One may not immediately understand the consequences of breaking a moral principle, but she or has faith that such actions will have an eventual consequence.A key example of Allisons integrity was after the Supreme Courts disreputable Kelo decision. BBT was the only major bank not to provide financing for projects that used land seized through noble domain for private purposes. We thought that was a violation of a principle that is necessary for a free society, Allison says. The banks decision, turned out to be great economics, which doesnt surprise me at all (Sparks 2011). Later in 2011, Don Luskin moderated a conference with John Mackey of Wholefoods and John Allison. Mackey was highly criticized for his public stance against Obamacare and was nearly thrown out of h is own organization.Mackeys conclusion was that he will think again before making political comments. Allison, however, disagreed and explained, Im a person that believes very strongly in my principles, and I cant sacrifice them in my business, regardless of the consequences in the short-term. We took a strong mental attitude on eminent domain, after the Kelo decision. I couldnt tell my customers and employees that we have principles, but in this case wed turn a blind eye to peoples property being expropriated to be given to other private people. In our case, it was successful. We got thousands of people moving their accounts to BBT because of our position on eminent domain, because we acted on principle. Thats the same reason we refused to write loans to people who couldnt afford them. I did it because I never want to have to tell someone that I did something that I thought was morally wrong. (Vegter 2011)Allison took a distinct stance against the federal government once again in 2008 when he submitted a 14-point letter to sexual intercourse in which he objected to the bailout of the financial-services industry out of concern that it will hurt, well-run financial institutions such as BBT (Craver 2011). His integrity was questioned when BBT accepted TARP monies shortly after the closed-door session with the nations political leaders. currently thereafter, Allison stepped down as the CEO so that he could start his education campaign. His work at the university level and at the CATO Institute is an effort to stop governmental force being exerted against independent businesses again.Principle 7 Justice / FairnessAccording to Allison, The good news is that we are all unique individuals (Allison 2011). Managers that make the average above average and to keep the great from becoming average instill justice in the workplace. Allison believes that, egalitarianism is one of the most destructive ideas in our society (Allison 2011). Managing equal outcomes not unequ al input is really unjust. Since individuals are not the same in their talents and abilities, a managers key function is to adjudicate and judge others. This is a difficult function therefore, Allison prescribes a three point method for judging others in order to stay fair. The person needs to be judged (1) as an individual, based on (2) the personal merits and based on (3) what matters in that specific circumstance. Therefore, We reject collectivism and how they judge, which is based on their memberships groups, such as race, sex, nationalism, etc. Collectivists are always wrong because they are making an individual decision based on a group observation. An Individual cannot be a group (Allison 2011).Principle 8 PrideAristotle described compliment as the ultimate virtue because in order to have pride, all other virtues (justice, honesty, integrity, and rational independent thought) needed to be mastered. The pride described here is not arrogance or hubris, but instead, it is th e reward to do good deeds and the reward for having done good deeds. Allison describes this as the psychological rewards However, the rewards for Christianity are much more profound. The apostle Paul speaks of a healthy pride that one should have in oneself and others (2 Cor 512 74 824 Gal 64). Christianthinktank.com quoted the Greek-English lexicon of the New Testament that Even Lexicons based on semantic domains have entries for pride (legitimate) (Chistianthinktank.com 2012).Allison equates pride with strong ethics. In a defiance allusion to rabbit warren Buffets quote about ethics, Allison says, The next time you face an ethical decision, ask yourself if you would be willing to tell the people that you love, care about, and judge to be of high-esteem the decision you made, not the newspaper.Principle 9 Self-Esteem / Self-MotivationAllison believes that this principle is the foundation of happiness. In his lecture, he states that, You must believe at a very deep level that you a re capable of being good and that you have the moral right to be happy. He explained that this is, The most important and controversial thought that I have to share with you today (Allison 2011). On several occasions, Allison has made reference to the sandbox example. It is a story about a boy named greyback that is playing with his toy truck in the sandbox. Fred then comes and takes Johnnys toy truck because he wants to play with it. A get by then ensues, and Johnnys develop comes over and says, Johnny, be a good boy and share with Fred. Allison asks, What message does that give to Fred? More importantly, what message does that give to Johnny? (Allison 2011).The breast of self-esteem is that a person can only control his or herself, not others. Therefore, the individual can only be in charge of their attitudes and their work and thus, must be focused on them. Egalitarians are focused on others, and as a result, are adverse to others for being great. This is envy, which is the u ltimate immoral pastime. Allison explains that, you may be able to fool your boss, but you will never fool you. Do your best, and self-esteem increases. Do less than your best and self-esteem decreases (Allison 2011).The trader principle fits with any of the other ten principles, but it curiously fits with self-esteem and self-motivation. The trader principle simply means that because people are self-interested, only win-win relationships are sustainable over the long term. All other relationships are either a lose-lose or eventually a lose-lose. Free-market capitalism is a highly moral system because it incentivizes good behavior and provides for a system for people to interact with others in search for win-win relationships. Allison explains this concept as the new leader of the CATO Institute One of the things that I really want to do is make this a moral fight instead of a fight around the technical aspects of economics.The libertarian vision is a moral vision and we own the mo ral high ground. A free society is the only society in which people can think for themselves and pursue their rational self-interest. Freedom creates the ability, through creativity and incentive, to raise the quality of life for everyone. When I was CEO of BBT we saw the opportunity, on many occasions, to create products and services that would improve the quality of life of our clients but some government law prevented us from doing it. Unfortunately most business leaders are not really capitalists. They are comrade capitalists looking for some way to use the government to give them a special advantage. Cato is a shielder of real capitalism, real free markets (Benko 2012).Principle 10 TeamworkIn a philosophy that is built on the individual and self-motivation, police squadwork may be overlooked as a key principle. However, teamwork is essential in an organization and a society. Teamwork allows much more to be produced. Craver noted in his interview with Allison that, What mak es Allison unusual among leaders is that his philosophy is one of realism not phony idealism. Its all about excellent individuals making personal contributions to a joint effort for the purpose of making profits, not saving the whales. Allison candidly says, in effect, a team is made up of people, each of whom is an I. We insist that you be an individual, and that if you want to be on the team, you have to voluntarily buy into the mission we have all chosen to share (Craver 2011).Detractors of ObjectivismForbes dubbed John Allison as the Philosopher King however his philosophy is not easily accepted by many. The first and most relevant critique is that God is absent from this philosophy. This paper has included some allusions to how objectivist principles can mesh with Christian ideals however, the architects of this philosophy, namely Ayn Rand, were atheists. The incongruities of this philosophy and Christianity mostly lie in the concept of natural order (mother-nature) and the belief in God that is not visible (faith). As explained above, Christians cross this intellectual divide by substituting natural order or mother nature with God. There are also some differences in the idea of selfishness and self-sacrifice. More research is needed to find intellectual bridges however, some of these conflicts are semantic in nature. Nonetheless, there is a logical case for God, and Christians knows that God reveals rational thought, purpose, creativity, motivation, and reason through prayer. There is some confusion between being selfishness and self-destructive. Detractors of objectivism and capitalism contend this it is a dog-eat-dog system that takes advantage of others. Allison argues that taking advantage of others is truly self-destructive, not selfish.If a business takes advantage of a customer, then the customer will alert the market-place and thus, the business will be harmed. Businesses take advantage of others through the political process, but that is not capitalism, and as Allison said, is not congruent with his philosophy. Finally, detractors find Allisons philosophy lacks emotion. Allison disagrees and says that emotions can be a good thing. Passion is an emotion, and you need passion in life (Allison 2011). Allison believes that emotions are learned, not magical. This certainly seems to be true with some emotions, such as phobias however, to the Christian, emotions can be divine inspiration. Allison warns leaders to check their premises when their emotions are at odds with reason. He further advises to always go with reason over emotion.Christians would disagree, at least in part. A Christian may always go with reason over emotion, but only after prayer and meditation and when reason and emotion are in-line. Certainly, a Christian should go to God in prayer to check their premises and motives. Life becomes easier to live, organizations are easier to lead, and employees are easier to manage if one has a clear philosophy and set of principles. With this in mind, BBTs senior management style is written in its literature as being as participatory, team oriented, fact-based, and rational (BBT History 111). They define management concepts as, obtaining and retaining excellent people, training employees well, give employees the appropriate level of authority and responsibility, expect a high level of achievement, and reward performance accordingly (BBT History 112).All of these definitions and concepts line-up with Allisons core philosophy. BBTs website explained that, Allisons management style stressed decentralization, striving for a community banking scent at the branch level (BBT.com). The individual, self-esteem, productivity, and teamwork principles are the driving principles for this decision. Moral Clarity leads to better decision making, longevity, success, and happiness. This is good for all the stakeholders involved in the organization.This paper will conclude with scripture that encapsulates the role between managers and employees and consistent with most of Allisons principles. Ephesians 65-9 says Ephesians 65-9 Slaves, obey your earthly masters with respect and fear, and with sincerity of heart, just as you would obey Christ. Obey them not only to win their favor when their eye is on you, but as slaves of Christ, doing the will of God from your heart. Serve wholeheartedly, as if you were serving the Lord, not people, because you know that the Lord will reward each one for whatever good they do, whether they are slave or free. And masters, treat your slaves in the same way. Do not threaten them, since you know that he who is both their Master and yours is in heaven, and there is no favoritism with him.ReferencesAllison, John (7/21/11), Principled Leadership Lecture at Wake woodwind University Schools of Business. http//vimeo.com/27183721BBT (1998), The BBT Philosophy Mission and Values guidebook.BBT (2012), Our Account, History of BBT 10th edition 2012.Benko, Ralph (7/2/12), W ho Is JohnAllison? A Randian, Libertarian Business motion-picture show Takes Over the Cato Institute http//www.forbes.com/sites/ralphbenko/2012/07/02/who-is-john-allison-a-randian-libertarian-business-icon-takes-over-the-cato-instituteCraver, Richard (7/10/11), My Interview on John Allison Todays John Galt, Winston-Salem Journal http//www.iamjohngalt.com/2011/07/my-interview-on-john-allison-todays.htmlGeracioti, David (Apr. 12, 2011), Cold Call Wealth Manager Operates Firm on Rands Objectivism Wealthmanagement.com, http//wealthmanagement.com/institutions/cold-call-wealth-manager-operates-firm-rand-s-objectivismGreek-English lexicon of the New Testament Based on semantic domains (electronic ed. of the 2nd edition.) (Vol. 1, Page 310). New York United Bible societies.Hellriegel, D, S. E. Jackson and J. W. Slocum, Jr. Management a Competency-Based Approach. (2008). Cincinnati Cengage. ISBN 0 32 4421400Martin, Andrew (8/1/09), Give BBT Liberty, but Not a Bailout, New York Times, http //www.nytimes.com/2009/08/02/business/02bbt.html?_r=0Perman, Matt (4/29/30), A Christian View of Management in Ephesians 65-9. Whats Best Next http//www.whatsbestnext.com/2011/04/a-christian-view-of-management-in-ephesians-65-9/Sparks, Evan (2011), Intellectual Capital, Philanthropy Magazine, http//www.philanthropyroundtable.org/topic/excellence_in_philanthropy/intellectual_capitalThe Holy Bible. NIV forwards Charles F. Stanley and Andy Stanley Side by side bible NIV KJV. 2011 Biblica, Inc.Wigoder, Geoffrey Paul, Shalom M. Viviano, O.P., Benedict T. Stern, Ephraim (1986) Illustrated Dictionary Concordance of the Bible. G.G. The Jerusalem Publisying House ltd.Zigarelli, Michael (2003), The Priorities and Practices of Christian Leaders, Regent Business Review, http//www.cbn.com/finance/rbrchristianleaders.aspx

Adlerian Group Therapy Essay Example for Free

Adlerian Group Therapy Essay correspond to Glanz and Hayes (1967) Group Counseling and grouping terapy atomic number 18 almost contradictory concepts to he individual not familiar with the detailed coiffes present and groups, counceling, and therapy. quadruplex counseling, group guidance, and the lmost interchangeble use of counseling and psychformer(a)apy guard added to the uncertainty of the dimensions and true nature of these new concepts.Adlerian in Group CounselingAccording to Corey (202) Adler was a politically and well-disposedly oriented head-shrinker who showed great equal for the common mortal. Indeed, many of his early customers were working-class people who struggled to hit a living, raise and educate their baberen, and make a difference in society. Part of Adlers mission was to bring psychological appreciation to the widely distributed population and to translate psychological concepts into practical methods for helping a varied population meet the cha llenges of insouciant emotional state. Alfred Adler made signifi toss contributions to contemporary therapeutic practice. Adler believed in the social nature of human beings, and he was concerned in working with lymph glands in a group context.He established more than 30 child guidance clinics in which he pioneered live demonstrations by inter imagineing children, adults, teachers, and p arents in front of community groups. He was the fi rst psychiatrist to use group methods in a systematic way in child guidance centers in the 1920s in Vienna. To fully appreciate the development of the practice of Adlerian psychology, one must recognize the contributions of Rudolf Dreikurs, who was generally responsible for extending and popularizing Adlers work and transplanting Adlers ideas to the fall in States. He did a great big money to translate Adlerian principles into the practice of group psychotherapy, and he used group psychotherapy in his private practice for more than 40 years ( check up on Dreikurs, 1960, 1967, 1997). Dreikurs developed and refi ned Adlers concepts into a clear-cut, teachable system with practical applications for family life, education, limp mental health, and, especially, group psychotherapy (Terner Pew, 1978).Dreikurs was a key fi gure in developing the Adlerian family education centers in the United States. Work with children and their parents in a group setting paved the way for Dreikurss pioneering group psychotherapy.It is believed that Dreikurs was the fi rst person to use group therapy in a private practice. Adlerian interventions have been widely applied to diverse client populations of all ages in many different settings. Adlerian group therapy is an integration of key concepts of Adlerian psychology with socially constructed, systemic, and outline sexual climaxes based on the holistic object lesson developed by Dreikurs (Sonstegard Bitter, 2004).Objectives of Adlerian Group TherapyEstablishing and maintaining an emphatic blood betwixt clients and counselor that is based on mutual trust and respect and in which the client feels understood and current by the group. Providing a therapeutic climate in which clients can come to understand their basics beliefs and feelings well-nigh themselves and discover why those beliefs are faulty. helping clients develop insight into their mistaken goals and self-defeating behaviors through a process of confrontatio and interpretation. assisting clients in discovering alternatives and encouraging them to make choices that is, put insights into action. Group provides a mirror of persons behavior.Group members both(prenominal) recieve and give help.TechniquesTHE FAMILY CONSTELLATION Adler considered the family of origin as having a central impact on an individuals reputation. Adler suggested that it was through the family constellation that each person forms his or her unique view of self, others, and life. Factors such as ethnical and familial values, gender-rol e expectations, and the nature of interpersonal relationships are all infl uenced by a childs placard of the interactional patterns within the family. Adlerian assessment relies heavily on an exploration of the clients family constellation, including the clients evaluation of conditions that prevailed in the family when the person was a young child (family atmosphere), birth order, parental relationship and family values, and panoptic family and gardening.EARLY RECOLLECTIONS As you will recall, another assessment procedure used by Adlerians is to ask the client to provide his or her earliest memories, including the age of the person at the time of the remembered events and the feelings or reactions associated with the recollections. Early recollections are one-time occurrences pictured by the client in clear detail. Adler reasoned that out of the millions of early memories we might have we select those special memories that project the essential convictions and even the basic mis takes of our lives. Early recollections are a serial of small mysteries that can be woven together and provide a tapestry that leads to an understanding of how we view ourselves, how we see the world, what our life goals are, what motivates us, what we value and believe in, and what we anticipate for our future (Clark, 2002 Mosak Di Pietro, 2006).BIRTH OEDER AND SIBLING RELATIONSHIP The Adlerian approach is unique in giving special attention to the relationships between siblings and the psychological birth position in ones family. Adler identified five psychological positions, or vantage points, from which children tend to view life oldest, imprimatur of only two, middle, youngest, and only.Stages of the Alerian Group TherapySTAGE 1 ESTABLISHING AND MAINTAININGCOHESIVE RELATIONSHIPS WITH MEMBERSIn the sign stage the fury is on establishing a good therapeutic relationship based on cooperation, collaboration, egalitarianism, and mutual respect. By attending to the relationship fr om the first session, counselors are laying a foundation for cohesive ness and connection. Adlerians hold that the successful outcomes of the other group stages are based on establishing and maintaining a strong therapeutic relationship at the initial stage of counseling (Watts Eckstein, 2009). Group participants are encouraged to be active in the process because they are responsible for their own participation in the group. The group situation provides sample opportunity to work on trust issues and to strengthen the relationship between member and leader. Also, by witnessing positive changes in peers, participants can see how well the group works.STAGE 2 ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT (EXPLORING THE INDIVIDUALS DYNAMICS)The aim of the second stage is twofold understanding ones lifestyle and seeing how it is affecting ones current functioning in all the tasks of life (Mosak Maniacci, 2011). During this assessment stage, emphasis is on the individual in his or her social and cultural cont ext. Adlerians do not try to fi t clients into a preconceived model rather, they allow salient cultural identity concepts to emerge and attend to a clients personal meaning of culture (Carlson Englar-Carlson, 2008). The leader may begin by exploring how the participants are functioning at work and in social situations and how they feel about themselves and their gender-role identities.STAGE 3 AWARENESS AND INSIGHTWhereas the classical analytic position is that personality cannot change unless there is insight, the Adlerian view is that insight is a special form of awareness that facilitates a substantive understanding within the counseling relationship and acts as a foundation for change. Yet this awareness is not, in and of itself, enough to bring about signifi cant change. It is a means to an end, not an end in itself. According to Carlson and Englar-Carlson (2008), the Adlerian approach is both insight oriented and action oriented. Although insight into our problems can be use ful, it is essential that this awareness leads to constructive movement toward in demand(p) goals. It is to be noted that people can make abrupt and signifi cant changes without much insight.STAGE 4 REORIENTATION AND REEDUCATIONThe end product of the group process is change of direction and reeducation. The reorientation stage consists of both the group leaders and the members working together to challenge erroneous beliefs about self, life, and others. The emphasis is on considering alternative beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes. During this stage, members put insight into action, making new choices that are more consistent with their desired goals (Carlson Englar-Carlson, 2008). There is a change in members attitudes toward their current life situation and the problems they need to solve. This reorientation is an educational experience. Adlerian groups are characterized by an attempt to reorient faulty living patterns and teach a better understanding of the principles that result in cooperative interaction (Sonstegard Bitter, 2004). One of the aims is teaching participants how to become more effective in dealing with the tasks of life. Another aim is challenging and encouraging clients to take risks and make changes.ReferencesCorey, G. (2012), Theories And Practice of Group Couneling eighter edition. United States, 2008 Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning.Corey, G. (2009), Theories And Practice of Counseling and Psychoterapy. United States, 2005 Thomson Brooks/Cole.z